Molecular Mechanisms of Host Cytoskeletal Rearrangements by Shigella Invasins
نویسندگان
چکیده
Pathogen-induced reorganization of the host cell cytoskeleton is a common strategy utilized in host cell invasion by many facultative intracellular bacteria, such as Shigella, Listeria, enteroinvasive E. coli and Salmonella. Shigella is an enteroinvasive intracellular pathogen that preferentially infects human epithelial cells and causes bacillary dysentery. Invasion of Shigella into intestinal epithelial cells requires extensive remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton with the aid of pathogenic effector proteins injected into the host cell by the activity of the type III secretion system. These so-called Shigella invasins, including IpaA, IpaC, IpgB1, IpgB2 and IpgD, modulate the actin-regulatory system in a concerted manner to guarantee efficient entry of the bacteria into host cells.
منابع مشابه
Shigella flexneri, a Gram-negative enteric bacteria, is the agent of human bacillary dysentery. This disease is caused by invasion of the colonic mucosa by the microorganism and induction of an intense inflammatory process leading to tissue
Shigella flexneri, a Gram-negative enteric bacteria, is the agent of human bacillary dysentery. This disease is caused by invasion of the colonic mucosa by the microorganism and induction of an intense inflammatory process leading to tissue destruction (Labrec et al., 1964). The pathogenicity of Shigella is largely due to its ability to invade epithelial cells. Cellular invasion by Shigella req...
متن کاملInterferon α Inhibits a Src-mediated Pathway Necessary for Shigella-induced Cytoskeletal Rearrangements in Epithelial Cells
Shigella flexneri, the causative agent of bacillary dysentery, has the ability to enter nonphagocytic cells. The interferon (IFN) family of cytokines was found to inhibit Shigella invasion of cultured epithelial cells. We show here that IFN-alpha inhibits a Src-dependent signaling cascade triggered by Shigella that leads to the reorganization of the host cell cytoskeleton. Immunofluorescence st...
متن کاملInduction of necrosis in human neutrophils by Shigella flexneri requires type III secretion, IpaB and IpaC invasins, and actin polymerization.
Infection by Shigella flexneri is characterized by infiltration of neutrophils in the intestinal mucosa and by a strong inflammatory reaction. Although neutrophils are constitutively programmed to die by apoptosis, we show that isolated human neutrophils undergo necrosis 2 h after infection with virulent S. flexneri strain M90T but not with the virulence plasmid-cured strain BS176. This was dem...
متن کاملStructural mimicry for vinculin activation by IpaA, a virulence factor of Shigella flexneri.
Invasion of epithelial cells by Shigella flexneri is characterized by cytoskeletal rearrangements of the host cell membrane, promoting internalization of the bacterium. The bacterial effector IpaA is injected into the epithelial cell by a type III secretion apparatus and recruits vinculin to regulate actin polymerization at the site of entry. We analysed the complex formed between a carboxy-ter...
متن کاملA Review of Driver Genetic Alterations in Thyroid Cancers
Thyroid cancer is a frequent endocrine related malignancy with continuous increasing incidence. There has been moving development in understanding its molecular pathogenesis recently mainly through the explanation of the original role of several key signaling pathways and related molecular distributors. Central to these mechanisms are the genetic and epigenetic alterations in these pathways, su...
متن کامل